State Machine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

State Machine - Essay Example Suitable choice of semantics for state machines allows multiple machines to be composed in the description of a single object. State diagram can be used to graphically represent finite state machines. This was introduced by Taylor Booth in his 1967 book "Sequential Machines and Automata Theory". Another possible representation is the State transition table. The mealy model for a state machine is one in which the outputs are a function of both the present state and the input. It is a general model for state machines, and assumes that there are two types of inputs; clock inputs and data inputs. The clock inputs cause the state transitions and gate'' the outputs, (so the outputs are really pulse'' outputs; i.e., they are valid only when the clock is asserted). The data transitions determine the values of next-states and outputs. Essentially, the clock inputs control the timing of the state transitions and outputs, while the data inputs determine their values. In this model outputs are associated with the states of the device. In the Moore machine, the outputs are stable for the full time the device is in a given state. (The outputs are said to be level'' outputs, and are valid even when the clock inputs are not asserted.). Again, there are two types of inputs, clock inputs and data inputs. In this case, however, the clock inputs only directly enable the state transitions. ... In general, we can say that; it is possible to convert any Mealy type machine into an equivalent Moore type machine, and vice-versa. First, we must define what we mean for two state machines to be equivalent. Two state machines are said to be equivalent if they produce exactly the same output for all inputs. Consequently, to derive an equivalent Moore machine from a Mealy machine, it must be possible to guarantee that the two machines produce the same output after any arbitrary input string has been input. This can be done by splitting all the Mealy states corresponding to different outputs, and ensuring that these states are connected to next-states which correspond to equivalent states in the original Mealy machine. Reference: 1. http://web.cs.mun.ca/paul/cs3724/material/web/notes/node25.html 2.

Julius Caesar and John Locke’s Treatise of government

Julius Caesar and John Locke’s Treatise of government Julius Caesar and John Locke’s Treatise of government. Explain the John Locke’s conspiracys reasons for taking action. In conversing Lockes Two Treatises of Government, Locke sets out his own perspective and arguments the complete power of the king to function without the agreement of the people. The main purpose of Locke’s second treatise is to sketch the suitable form for a society and government and to elucidate why his plan was suitable. Locke speaks that the only purpose for having a control is to protect the usual rights that people must enjoy simply due to the fact that they are mortal. However, when a rà ©gime or king (in this situation of Charles II), fails its individuals, the people are constrained to upheaval and start the rightful king (William, the Great Restorer). Thus, Locke inscribed his second treatise, in part, to show his backing for William III as king. (Locke and Laslett) Explain any relevant concepts discussed by Locke (civil government dissolution of government) Locke asserts that genuine administration is based on the notion of separation of powers. Main and leading of these is the legislative influence. Locke defines the governmental power as best (Two Treatises2.149) in consuming final power over â€Å"how the power for the state shall be engaged† (2.143). The government is still destined by the rule of natural surroundings and much of what it does is set down rules that additionally the objectives of normal law and identify appropriate sentences for them (2.135). The decision-making power is then indicted with enforcing the law as it is practical in explicit cases. Captivatingly, Locke’s third power is named the â€Å"federative power† and it contains the right to act globally conferring to the law of nature. If we relate Locke’s preparation of parting of influences to the advanced ideas of Montesquieu, we understand that they are not as diverse as they may originally seem. Locke’s federative control and the legal power as apprehensive with the local execution of the laws Locke’s policymaking power, it is more than a terminology than the thoughts that have altered. Locke deliberated arresting a person, trying an individual, and penalizing a individual as all part of the purpose of executing the rule rather than as a separate function. The concept of an â€Å"appeal to heaven† is a significant idea in Locke’s believes. Locke accepts that people, when they leave the public of nature, make a government with some sort of constituents that stipulates which bodies are allowed to exercise which commands. Locke also undertakes that these authorities will be used to defend the rights of the individuals and to endorse the community good. In cases where there is a argument between the individuals and the government about whether the government is satisfying its duties, there is no advanced social authority to which one can appeal. The only plea left, for Locke, is the plea to God. The â€Å"appeal to heaven,† consequently, involves taking up arms against your opponent and letting God judge who is in the right. A clear position on how Locke would assess the conspiracy according to those concepts Lockes theory of confrontation does not rest on on the legal fiction, of direct majority rule; actually the philosophy of resistance originates from the right of civilization to society a government which is sanctioned by the assent of the majority, which places genuine responsibilities on all members of society, and which functions for community good. The utmost danger to harmony and accord in culture — primary to its disaggregation — is an unlawful modification of its lawmaking that leaves no familiar authority. Confrontation to unlawful administration act is meant to anticipate this possibility. Where this confrontation is too little or too late we need to regulate the conditions in which it is still defensible, despite a lack of former vigilance, though we must suppose that late and incomplete action may demonstrate to be ineffective. It is the failure of government that defends resistance and, henceforth, legitimate confrontation is reliant on upon an precise, judicious and just valuation of governments activities. Evaluation of the decision how Locke would kill Caesar and how he would judge the actions of such characters as Caesar, Brutus, Cassius, and Mark Antony. (Direct textual analysis of both works.) In Shakespeare’sJulius Caesar, Brutus’s killing of Julius Caesar is an ethically vague event. Therefore, we under no circumstances truly know whether we must back Brutus or Caesar because, while Brutus is labelled as a decent man who is performing in the welfares of the average Roman, Caesar enjoys traits that Shakespeare has made able to be understood as strong and good or as tyrannical. In the play, (Shakespeare) Brutus is exemplified as the honorable Roman with Marc Antony, his opponent, shouting him â€Å"the noblest Roman of them all.†(5.5.69) since of this point, if Brutus had been the one to propose the murder of Caesar, the murder could be deliberated an ethical, essential act. But it was Cassius, not Brutus, who originated up with the idea. Cassius’s cautious operation of Brutus is the basis of the act, meaning that, from the start, the idea was unreliable. Even when Brutus states â€Å"Let us be sacrifices, but not butchers†(2.1.167), which must be understood as him trying to take a additional moral path, he moreover embraces â€Å"Let’s carve him as a dish fit for the gods†(2.1.174), which exemplifies the fact that, good intents or not, the collaborators are still arguing murder, and mutilation at that. While Shakespeare is able to demonstrate murder, the worst likely action, as probably the ethical path, what regulates th e spectator’s opinion of the entire play is one query: In the public, can assassination ever be reflected the ethically right option? The response, according to the theorists Locke, Rousseau, Kant, and many others is no, it cannot ever be measured ethical. These thinkers’ views can preeminently be shortened by a quote from Locke’sSecond Treatise on Government, that â€Å"all mankind being all equivalent and sovereign, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty or belongings†, which comprises that murder is thought to be measured completely incorrect. While this quote, one of the establishing principles of our own state, is totally against assassination, I believe that, in our flawed world, it is tough to say an act is individually incorrect and that there doesn’t be even one situation that homicide could be measured the finest option. Though the quote is individually against killing, it also includes â€Å"liberty† as somewhat that â€Å"ought not to be damage[ed]†, which, as oppressors typically infringe upon rights, brings up the query: When two of these mo rals oppose, what should do we do? I believe while Brutus and the plotters have good intents that could cause the killing to be tolerated, they do not, in my observance, have the essential circumstances. The plotters’ belief that Caesar will become a oppressor, and that preventive action is necessary to protect Rome, is founded upon many expectations. And in this case, when homicide is the preventive action, I think expectations, right or wrong, aren’t sufficient to defend a killing, but undisputable proof of Caesar’s oppression is essential. While I do not wholly agree with the absolutist declaration of Locke and Rousseau that killing is individually depraved and is not ever the best choice, I do trust that the individual or people anticipating killing a single need to have the best of purposes and undisputable evidence to support the motive for the decision. While murder can never be measured a good action, it will continuously be spoiled for good motives, it can be measured the best way of act in that it may be used to defuse proven oppressors and other persons that, if gone in our world, may cause the deaths and grief of many more person. In the case ofJulius Caesar, the conspirators’ movements cannot be reflected ethical or defensible because they required undisputable proof that Caesar was an oppressor and consequently required the necessary state in which murder could be accepted as a essential action. Bibliography: Locke, John, and Peter Laslett. Two Treatises of Government. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1988. Print. Shakespeare, William, and Arthur L. Humphreys.The Oxford Shakespeare. ; Julius Caesar.Oxford UP, 2008. Print. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy Of Julius Caesar. Champaign, Ill.: Project Gutenberg. Print.

osteoporosis :: essays research papers

Osteoporosis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to fragile bones and an increased chance of fracturing the hip, spine and wrist bones.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Osteoporosis affects not only woman but men also. One out of every two women and one in four men over fifty will experience an osteoporosis-related fracture in their lifetime. Forty-four million Americans suffer from osteoporosis; sixty-eight percent of that number are women.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A couple risk factors that you cannot change concerning osteoporosis are gender, age, body size, ethnicity, and family history. Your chances of developing osteoporosis are greater if you are a woman. Women have less bone tissue and lose bone more rapidly than men because of the changes involved in menopause. Age, the older you are, the greater the risk of osteoporosis. Your bones become less dense and weaker as you age. Body size, small, thin-boned women are at greater risk. Ethnicity, Caucasian and Asian women are at highest risk. African American and Latino women have a lower but significant risk. Family history, susceptibility to fracture may be in part, hereditary. People whose parents have a history of fractures also seem to have reduced bone mass and may be at risk for fractures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some different risk factors that you can change to help decrease the possibilities of osteoporosis are sex hormones, anorexia, a lifetime diet low in calcium and vitamin D, use of certain medications, inactive lifestyle or extended bed rest, cigarette smoking, excessive use of alcohol are all risks you can prevent.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vitamin D and calcium are two main vitamins needed to keep your bones strong. Without each other, ones bones weaken. Vitamin D is needed for the body to absorb calcium. Without enough Vitamin D, we can not form enough of the hormonal calcitriol, which helps the calcium be absorbed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You can get Vitamin D from either your daily diet or fifteen minutes in the sun. The actual needed amounts necessary for your body every day differ from person to person depending usually on age or pregnancy.

Filipino People and Hardworking Filipinos Essay

Negritos – Negritos represent a resourceful and hardworking Filipinos because in their time, hardwork and patience is the core of surviving in the wild. Indonesians – Their greatest influence is agriculture. Because of agriculture, Filipinos learned to till the land and that is one of the major sources of Philippine Products today. Malays – Their greatest influence is that they’ve introduced a more advance way of living. Barangay Early Philippine Civilization and Subsequent Changes. -What I’ve learned in this topic is that this early type of Philippines civilization helps in the management of the early society that results to more cooperative and systematic community. Spanish Occupation An important impact of Spanish rule in the Philippines is the creation of a mestizo culture with entrenched landed interests and a highly skewed land distribution. The Spaniards made the local datus head of the barangays, who eventually acquired large landholdings. Spanish Occupation – One of the greatest achievements of Spanish Authorities is the centralized and organized government. They also preserve the traditional authority of local leaders that helps in governing the least manageable units of the society. It is good in the side of the Spanish because it is their efficient way of collecting tax and managing the Filipinos. For me the way they want to organized the government is one of their greatest achievement because it helped in the organization of better governance. Other Political Organization Negritos – This is one of the earliest political organization wherein the leadership is vested on the elder men Kalinga – The leadership is vested on the stronger people who has the power to influence people. Benguet Village – composed of formal legal Political structure and the traditional authority. Muslim – One of the greatest political organizations because their government structure is more organized because there are branches of the community that govern every single segment in the society. Political System Encomienda System – Encomienda system has good and bad effects in our country. Because of this system, Filipinos were forced to pay taxes to the Spanish. One of the good effect is that it civilized those Filipinos in the far away places. Other good effect is to protect the inhabitants and maintain peace and order. But this system is abused by higher Spanish officials because they collect too much tax and products from the Filipino people. Central and Local Governance -This government structure is one of way for the Spanish to control over the Philippines. Katipunan This serves as an eye opener for the Filipino citizens to fight for independence and Filipinos were unified.. Because of this, Filipinos were more conscious of what the Spaniards are doing to them. The goal of this movement is to separate the Philippines from Spain, and this is good for the Filipinos because that time Spanish are very cruel to them. But because the organization is discovered by the Spaniards this movement did not materialized. The Pact of Biak na Bato One of the learning of this topic is that Filipinos try other means for their independence. Even though this movement is not successful, this event causes for Filipinos to rely on the Americans. The Philippines Under The American Colonial Rule American Occupation in the Philippines is the best and most important occupation here in the Philippines. One of the greatest influences of the Americans is the organization of school systems in the country. Another is the equalization of women in the society. Americans’ actions in establishing the first formal education in the Philippines was something to which we should be thankful for. We were given the chance to be educated. And since the medium of instruction in public schools were in English, Filipinos were given the chance to learn the language of our occupants: Americans, the chance to learn the universal language. Here, Filipinos were very willing to learn and were glad that they were given the chance. Japanese Occupation Japanese occupation cause severe destruction during the Philippines because they’ve abolished government structures and abuse many Filipinos and Americans. One of the evidence is the Death March. They also established Pro-japanese militants, all of them are Filipinos and these groups were used by the Japanes to spy on the Filipino Activities. Filipinos has not much enthusiasm in returning to school first because the Filipinos as a whole were suspicious of the Japanese intension and second, children focused on helping their parents tide over the difficult times. Even though the Japanese allowed continuing using English as the medium of instruction in teaching.

Reasons Why Mayella Ewell is a Dichotomous Character Essay

Mayella Ewell is a dichotomous person because she is like any other girl that wants to fit in. The one that wants to be something she’s not. She wants to be beautiful, accepted, have friends. She is tired of people thinking she’s dirty or feeling unwanted, like an outsider. She’s alone in a big room of people and cannot take it anymore. The first reason why she is a dichotomous character is she wanted to be accepted, but she can’t because she is unwanted by many people in Maycomb because of her last name, Ewell. The last name, Ewell is known by the people of Maycomb because the Ewell’s are sloppy and dirty and do not care about anything. So just because she’s a Ewell people judge her as dirty and poor, when really she tries to fit in with everyone by cleaning up her appearance and growing flowers. Then, here she goes not know what the word, â€Å"friend† even means. She only had one friend which was Tom Robinson, but she betrays him by lying to everyone in Maycomb saying he beat her up, when really it was her dad. She does this because she would rather save her abusive father than saving an innocent black man’s life, even if he was nicer than her father. Just these two comparisons do not tell you why she is a dichotomous character, the last one is very important because she pretty much shows you the main reason why she brayed Tom Robinson. She has this big, careless family that everyone in Maycomb doesn’t care for and her she is alone in her own family of nine people. They do not care for her, but she cares for her dad and younger siblings by giving them money for ice cream. No one feels her pain except her, and with that pain what makes you think she wouldn’t have two different personalities.